Web应用程序大文件切片上传功能构建指南：Vue与Express携手优化体验

2023-12-19 04:39:22

导言

当今互联网时代，大文件传输已成为众多Web应用程序的刚性需求，从视频、音频到设计图纸，高效、稳定的上传功能至关重要。切片上传技术应运而生，它将大文件分割成更小的块，逐块上传，不仅提高了传输速度，也降低了网络压力。本文将以Vue.js和Express.js为工具，详细介绍如何实现大文件切片上传功能。

1. 前端：Vue.js构建用户界面

1.1 使用Vue CLI创建项目

vue create my-app

1.2 安装必要的依赖

npm install --save axios vue-upload-component

1.3 编写前端代码

<template>
  <div>
    <upload-component
      :action="uploadUrl"
      :headers="headers"
      :max-size="maxSize"
      :chunk-size="chunkSize"
      @start="onStart"
      @progress="onProgress"
      @success="onSuccess"
      @error="onError"
    />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import axios from 'axios'
import UploadComponent from 'vue-upload-component'

export default {
  components: { UploadComponent },
  data() {
    return {
      uploadUrl: 'http://localhost:3000/upload',
      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data' },
      maxSize: 100 * 1024 * 1024, // 100 MB
      chunkSize: 1 * 1024 * 1024, // 1 MB
      onStart() { console.log('Upload started...') },
      onProgress(progressEvent) { console.log(`Upload progress: ${progressEvent.loaded} / ${progressEvent.total}`) },
      onSuccess(response) { console.log('Upload successful!', response) },
      onError(error) { console.log('Upload failed!', error) },
    }
  },
}
</script>

2. 后端：Express.js构建服务器端

2.1 创建Express项目

npm init -y
npm install --save express multer

2.2 编写后端代码

const express = require('express')
const multer = require('multer')

const app = express()
const upload = multer()

app.post('/upload', upload.any(), (req, res) => {
  res.send('File uploaded successfully!')
})

app.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server listening on port 3000')
})